Abbreviations
ar lean.	ar leanúint
bain.	baininscneach
fir.	firinscneach
gin.	tuiseal ginideach
gin. iol.	tuiseal ginideach iolra
iol.	iolra
sb.	saorbhriathar
tabh.	tuiseal tabharthach
u.	uatha
()	words in parentheses in the middle of an example may be used or omitted

Grammar Explanations
a from do	refers to the particle a being derived from do e.g., rud a dhéanamh
copular sentence	a sentence where the subject is connected to the object, e.g., ba cheoltóir é; is fada liom uaim í
adverbial phrase	a phrase that has applications as an adverb, e.g., chríochnaigh siad ar deireadh; níl sé ar fáil
adjective	a word that qualifies a noun or pronominal, e.g., an carr dearg; an bosca mór; tá sé fliuch
verbal noun	a word that has applications both as a noun and a verb, e.g., deireadh na heitilte, ag eitilt; foghlaim a fháil, ag foghlaim
proper noun	a name of a certain person or a place, e.g., Liam; Éire
noun	word that is used in reference to a person or a place or a thing or an idea, e.g., bean; bóthar; camán; díograis
subject	the main noun (or its equivalent) in a sentence, e.g., cheannaigh Nuala mála nua, tá páipéar ar an mbord; canfaidh sé amhrán
clause	phrase that is linked to another phrase, e.g., chuaigh sí chun na hoifige [agus thosaigh sí ag obair]; [tá an lá tirim ach níl sé te]
relative clause	clause in which there is a relative particle or in which there is a relative form of a verb, e.g., sin í an cailín a dhún an doras ar maidin; cá bhfuil an bhróg nár ghlan tú inné?
slender consonant	consonant to which e or i is the closest vowel
lenitable consonant	a consonant that can undergo lenition — b, c, d, f, g, m, p, s (except for sc-, sf-, sm-, sp-, st- and sv-) and t
eclipsable consonant	a consonant that can undergo eclipsis — b, c, d, f, g, p and t
broad consonant	consonant where a, o or u are the nearest vowels
accusative	a noun (or its equivalent) that represents a person (or thing) on which an action is performed, e.g., léigh mé leabhar; tá an leabhar léite agam; léigh mé é;
diminutive	a suffix that makes a noun small, e.g., -ín; noun to which this suffix is applied, e.g., buachaillín
adverb	word or word group that qualifies another word that is not a noun or pronominal, e.g., rith sé go tapa; bhí sé mall go leor; bhí sí thuas beagnach nuair a thit sí
adjectival adverb	adverb that has an adjective form (with go or without go), e.g., ní thagann sí minic go leor; bhí sé díreach ag éirí; d’iarr sí air labhairt go cruinn
subordinate clause	clause that depends on a main clause it is related to, , e.g., chuala mé scéal nuair a bhí mé óg
prepositional clause	subordinate clause that starts on a preposition e.g., chun na bainise; ó dhaltaí scoile; leis an Roinn
proleptic prominal	pronominal that comes before the thing to which it refers, e.g., tá a fhios agam gurb ise a rinne é; ba mhaith liom a rá go bhfuilim an-bhuíoch díbh
adjectival function	a function that is the same as an adjective, that is to say, to qualify a noun or pronomnial, e.g., pingin ar bith; turas ar an Afraic
prepositional phrase	a small phrase (with two words, at least) that starts with a preposition, e.g., ar bith; ar leith; den scoth; in aisce
partitive genitive	genitive that qualifies a noun of quantity or part, e.g., roinnt aráin; mo chuid eolais; tuilleadh siúcra
subsequent	a pronominal, including a possessive adjective, that refers back to the the proleptic in an indirect relative clause, e.g., sin é an fear a bhfuil an carr aige
inflexion	change in word affixes to show the different functions of the word, e.g., amhrán, amhráin; beag, bige; can, canaigí
bare	in the personal numbers, no noun following
main clause	a clause that is not dependent on any other clause, e.g., chuala mé scéal nuair a bhí mé óg
compound preposition	a specific prepositional phrase that has a meaning as a unit and usually formed by preposition + noun, e.g., ar nós; d’ainneoin; thar ceann. A prepositional phrase of this form is a compound preposition if the noun has another meaning in another context, for example, i gcás (in case) is a prepositional phrase meaning if; not a prepositional phrase i gcás meaning in a bag/case, in legal proceedings
simple preposition	a word placed before a noun or before a pronominal to show its relationship to another word in the sentence, e.g., bhuail mé le hÁine; chuir sé fáilte roimh na haíonna
antecedent	word or phrase in a main clause that goes directly before the relative particle, e.g., na mná a bhí ag caint
emphatic prefix	particle that goes before a word to stress it, e.g., tá sé an-chairdiúil; an-pheileadóir is ea í
partitive dative	the form preposition + dative, used in place of the partitive gentive, e.g., roinnt den arán; beirt de na páistí; cuid d’airgead Thomáis